Moral Fragments and Moral Community: A Proposal for Church in Society Essay

Devil’s Playground Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The film â€Å"Devil’s Playground† is considered as one of the films ever produced that is more of a psychological thriller that is developed in a church setting, schools as well as the upper levels of power which exist in the Catholic Church, specifically, Australian when there was change in late 1980s. The film has various stars including Simon Burke who plays the role of Tom Allen. The other characters in the film include Don Hany, Jack Thompson, Toni Collette, John Noble, Andrew McFarlane, Anna Lise Phillips, Leon Ford, UliLatukefu, Matt Levett, as well asJarinTowney (youtube.com).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Form this film, it can be noted that the Amish youths, when they reach the age of 16 years, they are allowed to make their personal decisions and take other ways apart from following the set Amish rules. The youths sample the outside life from the routine life of the Amish which is often under strict rules (Rasmussen, 9-20). The youths get to have modern life whereby they do things as they please and engage in all manner of activities that comes with modernism. In the year 1988, Tom Allen was still recuperating from the loss of his wife as well as the love affair that he had with Alice. One boy goes missing from a Catholic School and there are a lot of questions which are asked by the community. Desperate search by Andrassi as well as Brother Warner to find the boy that has gone missing. In the second episode of film, there is a body which is discovered as well as a note, cryptic, which gives the suggestion that the death of that has occur red is not a normal death or as a result of accident(Rasmussen, 9-20).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The film is quite clear on the lessons that it tries to pass through to the society at large. As it is depicted in the film, the youths are left to make their choices in life, whether to follow modernism or to follow the Amish rules(Beaty, Carlton, and Mark, 107). The film is all about freedom in the society to make choices and live according to what the world offers. From the film, the concept of change is eminent in the film whereby the youths, at the age of 16, are left to do what they want(Rasmussen, 9-20). The film depicts the society as weak and lacks the control that it needs to have on young people. For example, Faron, who is the son of a preacher, gets involved in drugs and leaves the teachings of his father.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is a lot of disrespect for authority that is depicted from the picture of Faron getting in to drugs and other social vices(David, n.p). The producer of the film tries to show the society that when people are left without any rules, there are high chances that things will definitely go wrong. However, it is ironical that the son of a preacher is ardent drugs user, something that the society greatly believes can only happen to those that do not go to church.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this film, there are several characters that have been used, which includes students, clergymen, as well as person in authority. The use of the different characters helps in bringing out the themes in the film as well as the development of the film. The use of the clergy and having church settings as part of the film helps in bringing out the religious aspect that people have in the society (Beaty, Carlton, and Mark, 107). However, despite there being the aspect of religion and beliefs, the society is full of vices, some of which are associated with the church. The clergy are expected to perform the role of teaching morals to the followers and the society as well as offer the much needed support for the people. However, in the context of the film, the church is seen as one that is riddled with politics as well as social vices, although these are not outwardly displayed(Beaty, Carlton, and Mark, 107). The use of the clergy in the film he lps in supporting the theme of religion whereby people get hope from religion, as it is seen through the various youths that decided to get back to their communities instead of continuing with their reckless life(Rasmussen, 9-20). The church is the source of hope and future in the society. It is important that in society moral values should be supported by all the relevant authorities so that the young people can have some form of guidance since they are naà ¯ve and inexperienced.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Contrary to the moral values that are expected, the authorities have instead turned around and became symbols of immorality in the society, as this can be seen in the film. The clergymen fail in their responsibility which in turn leads to the death of a boy, and some form of note claiming that the death is not an accident(David, n.p). From the tile of the film, the Devil’s Playground†, it is symbolic since the events that take place in the film such as the way the youths have left the ways of the Amish and instead engaged in modernism, depicts the title of the film.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The producer of this film managed to bring out the title of the film since there are a lot of social vices which are depicted throughout the film. The vices cover up the religious beliefs that exits leaving in the film, and the church seems not be effective in carrying out its duty of ensuring that the moral values that are expected in the society are upheld by everyone. The schools are not left out as it is depicted in the film (Brooks, 125). The students are the victims that are greatly affected by the vices in the society. The film is a clear indication of what modernism has on a society that does not hold on to its cultural values. The students are presented as intelligent and are aware of what is happening in their surrounding and from observation, they try and practices what they see(Beaty, Carlton, and Mark, 107). The use of the students as part of the characters in the film the producer of this film were simply trying to show that there is no one in the society that is immune to vices which are in a society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is the responsibility of everyone in the society to ensure that moral values are upheld. Furthermore, it is not just the responsibility of the clergy, as they are not as perfect as they may be viewed to help maintain moral values in the society. Parents have the first responsibility of instilling moral values in their children. In the film, parents are seen to be strict to their children and want the children to follow what they want (David, n.p). However, as the children reach the age of 16 years, they are left to make their choices without the guidance of the parents. The effect of this laxity on the side of the parents result in the death of a boy, many of them getting involved in drug abuse as well as sexual relationships, things they are not supposed to do. The whole aspect of religion and parental guidance is lost as it is depicted in the film, and instead, evil is left to prevail(Rasmussen, 9-20). Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, the use of the different characters in the film is quite accurate and matches the title of the film, bringing out the clear theme that was intended by the producers of the film. In addition to the characters, the use of different settings, that is, the church, schools and homes, helps to support the theme of the film and the development of the film, something that is a plus to the film. The whole aspect of the film is to help people understand the behavior of human beings when faced with changes, that is, the psychological impacts of different events in the life of an individual(Beaty, Carlton, and Mark, 107). In a society, there it is important that moral values should be maintained and young people should be taught how to live morally upright lives. Furthermore, it is the responsibility of everyone in the society to help and support each other in ensuring that cultural values are not lost. References Beaty, Michael D, Carlton D. Fisher, and Mark Nelson.Christian Theism and Moral Philosophy.Macon, Ga: Mercer University Press, 1998. Print. P.107 Brooks, Thom. Ethics and Moral Philosophy. Leiden: Brill, 2011. Print. P.125 David Dale, Catholic church is in the spotlight for Devil’s Playground TV series viewed from http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/catholic-church-is-in-the-spotlight-for-devils-playground-tv-series-20140902-10b5hx.html on 23rd November 2014 Rasmussen, Larry L. Moral Fragments and Moral Community: A Proposal for Church in Society. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993. Print. P.9-20 The Devils’ Playground viewed from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMmf-20w5IA on 23rdNovember 2014 Source document

Health Care Delivery System in the United States Essay

Introduction: The problem: Access to health care physically and financially, healthcare system in today’s society has failed to provide quality care for the U.S. Americans. There are so many ways that the system falls short in providing proper care. The healthcare is mainly based on the government to provide care for a particular group of people according to their income and not everyone has the same treatment, some having to pay for care through some type of insurance premium. When looking at this system of care, families are all dealing with the same issues in relations to not getting the treatment and quality care that they need. Many providers is having to see more patients in clinics than anticipated in terms causes a shorter visit with patients to address any kind of concerns and with uncoordinated care this leads to decrease in quality care of patients. High risk patients could be an issue for providers, because of the risk of malpractice, and increase of having malpractice insurance therefore providers are reluctant to see these patients which causes the patients to have less options for treatment choices. Healthcare Expenditure: this will continue to increase and families will continue to struggle and stress over how they will pay their medical bills. Healthcare systems are not slowing down on their costs and most of them are not willing to give families an efficient healthcare system for a better quality of care. The healthcare expenditures are increasing and the families incomes are not sufficient to compensate which makes this so stressful and hard for families to afford. When looking at the pharmaceutical spending, this has increased drastically. Medications is continuing to increase in costs, therefore, families are not able to get medications that are needed for care. Quality of care: has been a proven factor to be declined, patients with chronic and long term disease are not getting the therapy and drug regimen that is needed to give them a better quality of life. Many elderly patients and patients with disabilities are not able to receive homecare services that are needed to assist them with care. This is an ongoing battle with many American families who are uninsured as well as insured families. Care is not being coordinated and managed for patients with long term and chronic illnesses. Internal Factors: finance and delivery systems should be combined, both of these factors work together for the improvement of each other. Delivery system and payments are declined because the quality and effectiveness are not valued in the healthcare system therefore we have less quality of care and increasing in costs. Without improvements in these two areas the healthcare system will continue to fail in providing a more efficient system for our families and ou t-of-pocket payments are burdening families and care is being refused, emergency rooms are overflowing and office visits are declining. External Factors: The development of new technology affecting the healthcare system in ways as such advance equipment to treat certain diseases that wasn’t offered in the past and patients are not able to afford the treatment because of the increase in costs. Many advance technology procedures are performed in surgery that is consuming our incomes. Patients with chronic diseases are not able to receive the care because of new technology and the price increase that goes with the technology. Solution to health care access physically and financially, According to (Nichols, 2007) all Americans must take on a responsibility for their own health and the health of their children. This means having policies established which would be affordable for American families and polices established to assist the families who need financial assistant in acquiring an insurance policy. Guidelines also must be followed with this plan with the responsibility of the individual and the insurance comp any. This would be balanced to assist families with affordable insurance and benefit the insurance market that would create a quality delivery system as well as cost efficient. The responsibilities to the family is following the guidelines and policy, maintaining their health by having their yearly check-ups, scheduling routine appointments to see their provider as necessary when a problem may arise and maintaining their insurance coverage. The shared responsibilities is the insurance companies provide a stable plan that will improve the delivery system by making American families a priority with having access to a health care system in which quality care is provided and affordable to the family. Solution to health care expenditure, Preventive measures and promoting health can help with health care spending. Management of long –care diseases and establishing a good foundation with advance health technology well build better patient satisfaction, along with cost effectiveness. The reforms improvements values is not a routine step, many believe that the change in delivery systems may decrease the costs, but some feel that it should be more stable in costs by establishing guidelines that are more promising and effective. These guidelines and policies should be put in place to improve the health care system.(brennan, cafarella, kocot, mckethan, morrison, nguyen, shepherd and Williams,2009). Solution to quality of care, According to (fingado), electronic health record system will allow a continuum of patient care for better quality and manageable coordination to patient records. When coordinating patient care all systems must be involved to get a better outcome. Health care systems through health care electronic employee record helps with continuation of patient care and prepare better management plans. This health care system also allow staff to advance knowledge through training and exercise to improve better patient care outcome. Why my response is correct, Me as a health care professional have witness patients who are non-compliance regarding their health and working with uninsured families have different outcomes than patients who is compliance with preventive care usually are in better physical health than families who are not. There are many preventive measures that families can initiate better health, exercising on a regular basis, selecting healthier choices in diet menu, seeking preventive care as necessary, and be in compliance with treatment regimen, prevent bad habits such as smoking and alcohol abuse. Patients who maintain good health behaviors usually have better outcomes during surgical procedures, healing process is less and better outcomes with other treatment plans. Conclusion, according to our reading, Americans should have an effective health care system where families are provided with safe care and an affordable health care plan for the continuum of care. Explanation is given how many patients visit their health care provider and usually never see their primary care provider and how care should be directed toward patient satisfaction. Our reading mentions The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act that extends health care plans to primary care that would benefit most Americans to having a better outcome and assessing why acute visits happen so frequently. According to (Thorpe and ogden,2010) excessive spending is being directed towards Fee-For-Service where the main focus is on the amount of patient being seen and costs instead of patient care improvements. The new health reform law is establishing changes to remove this system away from Medicare and other payers. References Niall Brennan, Nichole Cafarella, S. Lawrence Kocot, Aaron Mckethan, Marisa Morrison, Nadia Nguyen, Mark Shephard and Reginald D. Wiliams. (2009). improving quality value in the U.S. Health Care System. Retrieved August 2009, from www.brookings.edu/reports/2009/08/21-bpc-qualityreport Nichols, L. M. (2007). A Sustainable Health System for all Americans. Retrieved July 2007, from www.newamerican.net/files/NSC%20Health%20Policy%20Paper Thorpe, K. E., & Ogden, L. L. (2010, June 2010). Analysis & Commentary The Foundation That Health Reform Lays For Improved Payment, Care Coordination, And Prevention. Health Affairs, 29,6, 1183.

Attributes of the ideal leader in higher or K-12 education Essay

Introduction The educational institution exists and cooperates in a network of dedicated, goal-oriented peers, in an environment of high expectations and immense collaboration. Communicating daily with adult education professionals and with students, a substantial background and specific competencies must be gained in this kind of practice. Faculty members are confronted with a fresh generation of students that live and study in a digital environment. They are challenged to convey persuasive learning milieus that are both instructionally evocative and thoroughly appealing to these digital students. Their job involves directing, guiding, or teaching adults. The online curriculum the knowledge and skills you need for working more effectively with adult learners and is designed for busy, working professionals. As the select few of these days’ higher educational institutions create and enhance their vision to meet the needs of the changing student population into the twenty-first century, the skills and attributes required are also changing. This paper attempts to provide an overview of the skills and attributes perceived as important in this changing environment. It is essential that the leaders and managers of our higher educational institutions welcome all their roles, contribute to the responsibility with the environment, and be acquainted with and incorporate change (Kincheloe, 1991). What makes a leader ideal? What specific qualities make an individual suited to handling responsibilities, various roles and demands that are expected in an institutional setting catered to adults and the like? What training development model should be used to train those seeking such positions in institutions of higher learning? Every now and then a decision maker in an establishment pre-determines a need for training but savoir-faire trainers constantly evaluate the analysis data before jumping on to settle on the training objectives. Why? This is because intuition-based training interventions frequently detect symptoms rather than root sources. On top of that training is never the key to all performance problems. Around 80% of performance obstacles are environment-connected. Developing occupation aptitudes will not advance these institutional issues (Yukl, 2002). Considerations should also include the personality type of the individual, the hopes and aspirations the person have within him/herself; and the type of institution that the individual is placed into-the subculture prevalent that influences the decision-making processes of all the people or constituents involve. All of which and more, are indispensable factors for consideration. Training, as most people assume about it, is concerned about developing particular skills. The function and relationship of preparation to the place of work is implied. Training dubbed as performance improvement has been the focus in instructional professional which includes solving performance problems to attain business results. Performance improvement covers skills training and considers other issues as well, such as does the organizational structure (decision making, supervision, feedback) sustain the workflow and are the environmental working situations (equipment, light, interruptions) suitable. The notion of â€Å"performance improvement† is frequently an easier sell to management and trainees than â€Å"training† for the reason that the emphasis moves from the person to overall performance of the organization. The ISD model, occasionally alternatively called Instructional Systems Development Model, consists of five phases, usually illustrated as analysis, objectives, design, delivery and evaluation. This training model is a methodical approach to managing human resources. Those who study and make use of that data in exclusive contexts are rightly described as professionals; in them lies the heart and soul of the profession. Abstract professional learning, on the other hand, can be infuriatingly difficult to classify. It expands past distinct responsibilities to embrace the combination of practice and insight. It requires rudiments of art as well as science. Transmitting abstract learning by means of instruction has parallel distinctiveness. Teaching in the professional education organization entails more than delivering subject matter. Good instruction is an art form in its own right. A first-class teacher can prevail over a poor curriculum, while a great curriculum will not replace with for a poor instructor. Industrial-age institutions look for routine and habit accomplished through standardized measures. Complex responsibilities are split into simple steps that are assigned to organizational positions to guarantee that employees are both interchangeable and effortlessly replaced. Bureaucratic hierarchies are likely to esteem proven evaluation of specific aspects of complex managerial tasks. In view of this, the picture of leadership is in reality changing as the image of organizations changes. Analysis ascertains those who require training and what skills or performance improvements are designated. Aims and goals set the restriction for the instructional outline and help attain the appropriate learning outcomes (Kincheloe, 1991). At the heart of any profession is a body of expertise and abstract knowledge that its members are expected to apply within its granted jurisdiction. Those who discover and utilize that knowledge in unique contexts are rightly described as professionals; in them lies the heart and soul of the profession. A good teacher can overcome a poor curriculum, while a great curriculum will not substitute for a poor teacher. In the industrial-age organizations seek routine and habit achieved through standardized procedures. Complex tasks are broken into simple steps that are assigned to organizational positions to ensure that employees are both interchangeable and easily replaced. Here are aspects of the systems analysis approach to education that are useful. There is nothing inherently harmful in developing competency lists, provided they are kept general in nature and viewed with the appropriate level of circumspection. Competency maps take on a wide variety of forms. The competencies might be called knowledge areas, skills, attributes, attitudes, components, tasks, traits, or simply competencies. Once identified, numbered, and listed, they are usually broken down into sub-components, which are also numbered, so they might be associated with the broader competency area or cluster of competencies. The mapping aspect comes into play when the competency areas are charted to training and educational objectives and events, and then ultimately to desired leadership behaviors. Competency mapping is chiefly appealing to analytically oriented decision makers. Advocates for aptitude and competency mapping stress that one can utilize a metric to determine the relative accomplishment of an individual competency that will predict success in associated leadership behaviors. Advocates refer to competency mapping as adaptive because the list and the educational experiences that match the competencies can continually be revised. Advocacy of competency mapping seems to be spreading. Its aim is to advance a blueprint, map, or matrix of desired skills, knowledge, attributes, and attitudes at various levels of the organization. The map is then used to direct recruiting, hiring, and training assessment. Competency mapping has gained a following in the human resources community and fashioned a cottage industry of business consultants and sellers who profess expertise in its application At the heart of list-based methods like competency mapping is a supposition that specific qualities such as motives, values, and skills can be acknowledged and reproduced through training and education, resulting in effectively led organizations. The roots of this approach lies in trait theories of leadership that correspond with Taylorism. Education scholars Joe F. Donaldson and Paul Jay Edelson have noted that â€Å"trait theory was developed in the first part of the twentieth century and took a psychological approach to specifying the personality traits of effective leaders. Although research has shown no relationship between individual traits and effectiveness, this approach still finds modern expression† (Donaldson & Edelson, 2000). The trait approach has largely been supplanted by more sophisticated frameworks, yet leader competency mapping is proof positive that despite its dubious foundation the approach endures. Noted leadership author and scholar Gary Yukl has observed: â€Å"Early leadership theories attributed managerial success to extraordinary abilities such as tireless energy, penetrating intuition, uncanny foresight, and irresistible persuasive powers. Hundreds of studies were conducted during the 1930s and 1940s to discover these elusive qualities, but this massive research effort failed to find any traits that would guarantee leadership success. One reason for the failure was a lack of attention to intervening variables in the causal chain that could explain how traits could affect a delayed outcome such as group performance or leader advancement† (Yukl, 2004). Peter Northouse, author of Leadership: Theory and Practice observed the revival of an all-encompassing skills-based model of leadership distinguished by a map for how to reach efficient leadership in organizations (Porthouse, 2004). He recommended that the classification of specific skills which can be improved by training has an intuitive appeal: â€Å"When leadership is framed as a set of skills, it becomes a process that people can study and practice to become better at their jobs† (Northouse, 2004). He also suggests that although the skills-based approach claims not to be a trait model, it includes individual attributes that look a great deal like traits. The act of leadership is also an exercise of moral reasoning. In their book Unmasking Administrative Evil, Guy Adams and Danny Balfour caution against elevating the scientific-analytical mindset higher than all other forms of rationality. Even as the rise of â€Å"technical rationality led inevitably to specialized, expert knowledge, the very life blood of the professional,† it also â€Å"spawned unintended consequences in the areas of morals and ethics as the science-based technical rationality undermined normative judgments and relegated ethical considerations to afterthoughts† (Balfour, 2004). Distinguished scholar Ronald Heifetz on the other hand, developed a definition of leadership that takes values into account. He maintains that we should look at leadership as more than a means to organizational effectiveness. Efficiency means getting achievable decisions that execute the goals of the organization. â€Å"This definition has the benefit of being generally applicable, but it provides no real guide to determine the nature or formation of those goals. † (Heifetz, 1994). Heifetz went on to say that values such as â€Å"liberty, equality, human welfare, justice, and community† are inculcated with first-rate leaders (Heifetz, 1994). It is a necessity then, the infusion of these principles into the leader and from the leader into the organization. Reference: 1. Joe L. Kincheloe, Teachers as Researchers: Qualitative Inquiry as a Path to Empowerment (New York: Falmer Press, 1991), p. 77. 2. Draft US Army HR System Project Plan, Fort Leavenworth, Kans. , 21 January 2004. 3. Joe F.Donaldson and Paul Jay Edelson, â€Å"From Functionalism to Postmodernism in Adult Education Leadership,† in Handbook of Adult and Continuing Education, ed. Arthur L. Wilson and Elisabeth R. Hayes (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2000), p. 193. 4. Gary Yukl, Leadership in Organization (5th ed. ; Upper Saddle River, N. J. : Prentice Hall, 2002). 5. Peter G. Northouse, Leadership Theory and Practice (Thousand Oaks, Calif. : Sage, 2004), pp. 35-52. 8. Guy B. Adams and Danny L. Balfour, Unmasking Administrative Evil (Armonk, N.Y. : M. E. Sharpe, 2004), pp. 31-36. 9. Ronald A. Heifetz, Leadership Without Easy Answers (Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard Univ. Press, 1994), pp. 21-22. 10. R. L. Shaw and Dennis N. T. Perkins, in Tara J. Fenwick, â€Å"Putting Meaning into Workplace Learning,† in Handbook of Adult and Continuing Education, ed. Arthur L. Wilson and Elisabeth R. Hayes (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2000), p. 296. 11. James G. March, A Primer on Decision Making, How Decisions Happen (New York: The Free Press, 1994), pp. 96-97.

Macromolecules and Enzymes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Macromolecules and Enzymes - Essay Example Effect of different physical parameters including temperature, enzyme concentration and pH was determined for the enzyme tyrosinase. Phenylthiourea, an inhibitor was also used to study its effect on the eznyme. Every living thing on earth is made of carbon, and each compound containing carbon is known as organic compound. Four kinds of major organic compounds are known carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Proteins are organic compounds made up of amino acids joined by peptide bonds between the amino and the carboxyl group of the adjacent amino acids. The proteins can be classified according to their structure; the linear chain of amino acid is called the primary amino acid. In secondary structure there occurs a regular repeating structure that is stabilized by hydrogen bonds. In tertiary structure the stabilization occurs by salt bridges, disulfide bonds, hydrogen bonds. Protein subunits combine together to form the quaternary structure. Enzymes are also an organic compound, basically a protein. â€Å"All enzymes are proteins, but all proteins are enzymes†. Enzymes are biocatalyst that speed up the rate of the reaction but do not take part in the reaction. Enzymes have active site, basically a group of amino acids that binds with the substrate, which further carry out the reaction to give a specific product. Enzymes are known for their specificity for substrates, although not all enzymes are specific. The rate of the reaction governed by enzymes is increased when the optimal conditions like temperature, pH, and substrates concentration are provided for the reaction. Two theories are known for the action of enzymes on substrates. 1. The lock and Key Mechanism and, 2) Induced fit theory. Enzymes are also inhibited by inhibitors, which can be substrate analog or any other compound that binds to the enzyme such a manner that the enzymes is unable to function. Inhibitors can be of two kinds, competitive, uncompetitive and non-competitive.

Business Economic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Business Economic - Essay Example At a general framework, countries measure growth by developments of its gross domestic product (GDP) and by the per capita real GDP (Colander, 2001). The secular growth rate trend of economy is 2.5 to 3.5% and the fluctuations experienced within this trend are called the business cycles that are either at its peak, through, upturn or downturn state (p. 154). Unemployment refers to number of unemployed persons divided by the total number of workforce. Unemployment, whether structural or cyclical, is most felt during economic recession and conversely felt when there are expansions (p. 154). Global Conditions The Internal Monetary Fund (IMF) pointed that recession caused sluggish recovery which morphed countries in an economic quagmire in the 90s to the mid-2000s although hope for growth is placed at European countries. Analysts professed that there is world economic expansion in an annual rate of 51/4% in early part of 2010 however, increasing unemployment remained challenging. There i s also an evident financial setback too, which caused markets instability that consequentially discouraged entry of more investments while there is evident decline of stocks in the market (p. 16). This prompted the European Central Bank’s Securities Markets Program and its European Stabilization Mechanism to initiate fiscal adjustments. IMF further observed that there is reduction of tail risk when Europe redefined their fiscal policies by undergoing adjustments against market demands. It was perceived that if the basic economic weaknesses persist and economic reform is turtle-paced, growth remains uncertain. Further observations denote that while there is increasing activities to improve tax measures, there is also low investments for real estate and slow residential demands amid increasing prices of houses. IMF professed that the quantitative risk is high as distribution of forecasts for the slope of the yield curve is tilted downwards and another upside risks from financia l forecasts toward the second quarter of 2011 (p 45). Macroeconomic Trends in UK As this develops, UK forecasted that its exports will aid growth in the next term. Financial analysts hope that identified downside risks will not happen; that there will be improvement in investment, employment and on consumption. In the last quarter of 2010, UK has employed labor force at 29.157 million based on a survey (HRM Guide, 2011) which resulted to a growth rate of 2.3% for earnings (HRM Guide, 2011) attributable to private sector. But UK’s unemployment rate as of March 2011 pegged at 8.0% and may increase steadily increase toward 2015. CIPD further report serious youth unemployment problem: there is an unemployed 1 person among 8 youths within the age bracket of 16-24 (HRM Guide, 2011). Further, UK officials reportedly spent ?43 billion on debt interest to reduce deficit to stabilize sustained economic growth (HM Treasury, 2010). In a separate development, international trading is seve rely affected with the natural disaster caused by quakes and tsunami affecting Japan which severely damaged properties and lives as well as caused major threat with the impending meltdown of its nuclear power plants. Elsewhere in major areas of the world, e.g.

Hazardous waste management #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hazardous waste management #2 - Essay Example There are agencies that are given the responsibility of handling such situations. The city councils are government departments that have the directive of having specialists cater to these situations. Marine life is affected in the sense that, any untreated water from the storm water system is transferred to lakes, rivers, stream, or coastal water (Debo & Reese, 2003). Challenges may arise to areas and people in these regions if they do get to use this polluted water sources. Swimming pools, fishing areas, and drinking water may be infected, and thus; all life sustained by such water may be potentially harmed. Material recovered from this site should be disposed of depending on its nature. Battery contents tend to have a high percentage of acidity. If this is exposed to the environment through the water system, there are bound to be dangerous results for all those involved (Debo & Reese, 2003). In this case, a basic solution that can counter the effects of the acidity in the water may be appropriate. There is no perfect way or technique of disposing of the acidity. This, however, may work to decrease its impact toward the immediate environment. A city landfill will not be an appropriate avenue to dispose of this waste. There are metals that are present in the landfill and this waste is likely to corrode any of the waste present. Sulphuric acid, present in car batteries, are likely to ignite and spatter which makes this a highly dangerous reactive material. Pouring the waste through absorbent material may not be a necessarily exceptional idea. These acids tend to react and produce fumes once in contact with different material. Specialists need to identify what is needed, and when it is needed (Debo & Reese, 2003). This may prevent further contamination of the surroundings, hence; protecting human and animal life. There are

Television Media Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Television Media - Research Paper Example d technological advances, the gradual expansion of the television networks westward; the drop in set prices caused by mass production; increased leisure time; and additional disposable income. It is said that the golden age of television in USA was from 1953-1960. 2 Around the globe, broadcast television is financed by either: government, or advertising, or licensing (a form of tax), or subscription or any combination of these. To protect revenues, subscription TV channels are usually encrypted to ensure that only subscription payers receive the decryption codes to get the signal. Unencrypted channels are known as  free to air  or  FTA. The information conveyed through television media is controlled to a great extent by the corporate giants, as they have invested billions of Dollars in sponsoring television programs. The corporate sector does not only market its products through television media but its multilayered agendas as well. The way and the objectives of influencing television media by corporate stake holders are really complex. However, it is clear that television media is used as a powerful tool to endorse the ideas and agendas of the corporate investors in the minds of the consumers. As huge investments by the corporate sector in television media is economically beneficial for the television industry, therefore the ethics of television media are easily manipulated by its interests and agendas. A great number of corporate giants own and run television networks and thus propagate their national, political or corporate agendas through this medium. Television media has to abide by corporate social responsibility according to which it must be careful with the information being presented to the world. It also bases its strategy according to the feedback and responses of the consumers. Sustaining consumerism is one of the greatest challenges of television industry on one end; while at the other end, it must establish and provide opportunities for the

Security and Privacy in the Network Context Essay

Security and Privacy in the Network Context - Essay Example This Virtual Private Database feature controls access to individual row in the database. It works by dividing the database for use by diverse type of users and keep it secure from illicit access. The other technique is to recognize potential vulnerabilities and suggest remedial actions to secure a database system. ISS Database Scanner Software, a product available with Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server and Sysbase databases automatically scrutinize the system for insubstantial passwords and viruses. A more intricate database security device is presented by Guardent through its Security Management Appliance. It works behind a firewall and remotely detects vulnerabilities. It covers operating systems, applications and network infrastructures, and remote online databases. Experiences and experts analysis dictates that more a responsive social and organizational actions should be taken. Accounting for the losses in businesses and the effects in economy, protecting databases from hackers is now a serious business. Our society and organization should be vigilant in protecting our vital and key information against criminal elements using the technology to spy, steal and destroy our investments. We must first ensure that our network security is reliable and constantly updated. Let us remember that nowadays, spending a little more in security software even for personal use is fundamental. Invest on reliable and tested database application; buy only those programs with robust security design. For companies, ensure those personnel in the system administration are strictly following security guidelines. Apply more restrictions to database access especially on internet-based databases that are more vulnerable to attacks. Configure your server to allow only those trusted IP addresses and employ Table Access Control security on your databases. Long-Term Network and Data Security, and Privacy Rights There are many ways to secure access of vital information's in a Network, Database and Individual Private files. At present, Operating Systems and Database Systems come with security features that can considerably prevent unauthorized access. Long-term methods are available from various reputable computer security companies such as Servers employing Trusted IP Address methods. This is done by configuring the server access to a list of "trusted" users only. Next is Server Account Disabling that suspends the server ID after three unsuccessful attempts. This is done to prevent attackers from generating random passwords to get the right combination. Monitor the system; get a product that would send alert when someone wants to break-in into the system. Secure the system with authentication methods such Kerberos Security, a "ticket" based authentication systems from Oracle (Weidman, n,d.). Restrict access to selected rows of databases by employing VPD (Virtual Private Database) Technology (Wiedman,

Theory of The Differential Diagnosis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Theory of The Differential Diagnosis - Assignment Example   The rationale for these diagnoses is that difficulty breathing with exertion explains cardiopulmonary or pulmonary disease. Moreover, pursed-lip breathing is a sign of airflow obstruction. Dyspnea on exertion worsens with the resulting sedentary state. This is present in patients with cardiopulmonary disease. In regard to this case study, the patient has a past medical history of COPD; thus, skeletal muscle atrophy is a common finding and has been related to low-level systemic inflammation and oxidative stress (Nelson, 2015). To further develop the differential diagnosis, a review of systems ought to be conducted. This entails questions that need to be addressed. Such questions include dental changes, occupational exposure to dust and chemicals, excessive salt intake, weight gain, increased cough, fever, and increasing sputum production (Markovchick, Pons, & Bakes, 2011). The final primary diagnosis is COPD. The symptoms include a cough, sputum production, and dyspnea on exertion (Osadnik, McDonald, Jones & Holland, 2012). In this particular case, the patient has a significant cigarette smoking history, thus, the worsening dyspnea. This is because the increase in dyspnea is linked with age (the patient is 70 years), deconditioning, weight gain and concomitant comorbid medical conditions. Further diagnostic workup includes obtaining a spirometry before and after bronchodilator; as the first step. This step will determine any airflow obstruction thus grant patients immediate therapy. Additionally, lung volume ought to be measured, so as to reveal hyperinflation (Buttaro, 2013). Also, thoracic imaging ought to be performed with an MRI, as well as pulse oximetry test and arterial blood gas measurements.

Issues in Secondary Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Issues in Secondary Education - Essay Example This stage, which is preceded by the Concrete Operational stage, begins more or less at age 11, which is beginning of puberty and continues well into adulthood. (Abbeduto, 2006, 131)This stage is characterized by acquisition of the ability to think abstractly and draw conclusions from the information available. This stage is also important to our topic, because the students are entering puberty around this time, which leads them to many questions about themselves and their bodies; further leading to questions about just who they think they are. According to Erik Erikson, there are eight stages of human development. Along with the stages themselves, Erikson also states that a psychosocial crisis occurs during each of the stages; for this stage, the psychosocial crisis is titled Identity versus role confusion. As stated by Erikson, this stage is when the adolescent student becomes concerned with how they appear to others. Many adolescents ask themselves "Who am I? Where am I going in life?", and confusion occurs because of the cognitive and bodily changes happening to the learner. Peer groups also play a role in this stage, because they affect who a student thinks they are too. (Blair, 2006, 53) The confusion of trying to decide what peer group you fit into exacerbates the possible identity crisis. At last is Abraham Maslow, with his Hierarchy of requirements. At the same time, when above-mentioned theorists talked about various stages of development, Maslow's theory is a little bit different; his theory explains that regardless of the age of a person, everyone is willing to have their requirements fulfilled. (Cooper, P. & Mcintyre, 2008, 383) The requirements that relate the most to this topic are the Belonging and the Esteem Requirements.  Ã‚  

James Bond personality Essay Example for Free

James Bond personality Essay Film making involves the cooperation of diverse persons with dissimilar attitude. Often these attitudes are employed so as to bring the best out of the involved characters handling distinct roles. For instance, James Bond the legendary tough boy is often depicted as a lethal, quick and strong in nature despite his instinct of picking his subjects. Therefore, by attempting to evaluate Bonds character clinically, it would be instrumental to assert that, the diverse tools employed to diagnose an individual antisocial inclination may not provide the real picture of this fictional character. Basically, it would be pivotal to underline the fact that, individuals who defined as psychopaths are known to prey on others using crude and unfriendly manners which may include: low conscience, limited empathy or lack of it, pathological cheating as well as abuse of social norms including disregard for the established public laws among others. Thus, looking at the character of James Bond, it is apparent that he exhibits none of the mentioned deficiencies (Cleckley, 1982). Due to that observation, I am convinced that, James Bond is a creation of destiny, this can be attributed to the fact that, the way he carries himself or as he is seen through motion pictures and novels, he is more often depicted as a reserved individual who is not bent on committing crime or going against the law, but rather he is typically as a carefree hero who is in one way or the other is an extrovert. On a clinical approach he fails to qualify as a psychopath. For instance, if he could be placed under Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) a formidable diagnostic tool typically employed to rate an individuals psychopathic or antisocial inclinations. Placing the James Bond personal clinical analysis under this tool, it would be pivotal to unearth the fact that, his degree of psychopathy would be significantly lower than that of any common psychopath. From a clinical perspective, psychopaths are known to exhibit such symptoms as shallow emotions as well as a history of victim izing other people of which James bond do not exhibit. By using this checklist developed by Robert Hare, it would be paramount to accept that, the diagnosis or the clinical evaluation intended can be negative, note that, the usage of this checklist by diverse health and correctional professional when handling such individuals who may have succumbed to crime and sex offending. Thus by examining the laid down scope of dealing with psychopaths, it is vital to understand that, when diagnosing an individual as a psychopath, one has to know that this is a very serious procedure (Bartol,et al,2005). This is due to the fact that, this whole process may end up creating either highly positive or disastrous implications to the individual, friends as well as his or her family despite that, the consequence may as well upset the future clinical and equally forensic examinations. Therefore, if the clinical evaluations pertaining to James Bond are to be carried under the Hare PCL-R diagnostic tool which holds two parts involving a semi structured interview and an analysis of the individual’s files and records. This procedure involves scoring at least 20 elements that are employed to measure the key psychopathic traits. In essence these factors are designed to cover the diverse nature of the involved individual interpersonal relationship, his or her sentimental or expressive participation; reactions to other individuals and to circumstances; proof of collective deviance; and everyday life. The elements thus envelop two essential features that help characterize the psychopath: self-centred and unsympathetic persecution of other people, and an unsound and unsociable lifestyle (Hicks, et al, 2006). Some of the twenty attributes evaluated by the PCL-R score include: †¢ ostentatious opinion of self †¢ pathological lying †¢ shrewd and manipulativeness †¢ lack of regret or responsibility †¢ shallow emotional reaction †¢ pitilessness and lack of compassion †¢ parasitic way of life †¢ pitiable behavioural controls †¢ sexual promiscuity †¢ lack of realistic long-term goals †¢ carelessness †¢ juvenile misbehaviour †¢ criminal adaptability The interrogation part of the assessment covers the individual’s surroundings, as well as such factors as occupation and academic history; matrimonial and family position; and scandalous background. Since psychopaths lie regularly and effortlessly, the data they give must be established by an appraisal of the credentials in the individual’s case account. Going by the way James Bond carries himself, it would crucial to assert that, even if compelled to undertake this test, his traits do not qualify him to be declared as a psychopath. Thus, it would be likely that, under the PCL-R score, James Bond would score a zero, while under this process a prototype psychopath acquires a maximum score of over 40,while those individuals with no psychopathic elements or traits gets zero score (Haycock,2010). James Bond as is depicted in both the novels and the film, he is a military intelligence specialist, as a unique individual, more than often he is presented as a character of sound mind   as well as having a strong spirit. Exploring his past, it is apparent that he lost both of his parents while at the tender age of 11 years. Despite this sad twist of his life, subsequently he lost his only surviving relative in his early teenage period. Just like most of those individuals who have lost their parents or guardians in their youth, too, Bond has equally similar abandonment surroundings. This perhaps reflects why he is seen as an individual who rarely makes long lasting liaisons with both men and women. Though in some instances he is quoted as having mentioned having fallen in love, he maintains no friendship. More so, though, he professes restricted memories of his early formative years as a youth in Europe, he is note remorse, but profoundly lives and enjoys his present social status (Holmes,et al,1988). However, from a close examination of his personal convictions, he has only minor thoughts or vague thoughts about old age and retirement and this does not qualify him to be a psychopath.   Reflecting on the profound behaviors   and attitudes of most psychopaths, it would instrumental to assert that, Bond have so strongly exposed his character which cannot be defined as antisocial. Naturally, no individual is perfect, hence Bond as a human being has his share of weaknesses, for instance, he does not fear death, and is solitary. Another, predominant element apparent in Bonds character is that he is courageous and fearless, this can be evidenced by the fact that, during his time at University of Geneva, he led a team of fellow students to an expedition to the same mountain where his parent perished, and he never told his friends about the tragic association with this mountain. As a healthy and vibrant individual, he is inclined to propelling himself to the very limit, both physicall y and mentally. Analyzing his personal life when on and off duty, his character presents him as an individual who loves to keep it to himself, compared to a psychopath, Bond is simple, respective and lethal when provoked. Hence, this could be the principal reason that propels him to spend his time in his flat. So does that qualify him to be illustrated as a psychopath? Actually no. Under the aspects of Hare scale Bonds traits can be said to be either zero or below three, this can be linked to the fact that, at some cases he is depicted as extremely aggressive, while in other instances he is illustrated as a composed and humble individual .despite his social anomalies such as addiction to whiskies as well as his tendency to heavy smoking, I do assume that, Bond is normal, and more so his personal life do not fall within the scope of him being branded as psychopath (Hare,1993).   According to On Her Majestys Secret Service film, he is painted as a man who loves to have a series of simple and meaningless relationships with several but dissimilar women, who he discards the minute the develop to be a cause of inconvenience

Toxicity of Energy Drinks Essay Example for Free

Toxicity of Energy Drinks Essay The new millennium has ushered in a wave of synthetic, caffeinated high-energy drinks targeted at the youth market. Over the past 10 years, the consumption of caffeinated beverages intended to â€Å"energise† has increased significantly. Energy drinks were recently shown to comprise 20% of the total convenience store beverage market, with â€Å"Red Bull† and â€Å"V† accounting for over 97% of sales in this multimillion-dollar industry. 1 Increasingly, toxicity from caffeine overdose is being reported to hospitals and poisons centres. The main active constituents of energy drinks include varying amounts of caffeine, guarana extract, taurine and ginseng. Additional amino acids, vitamins and carbohydrates usually complete the list of purportedly beneficial ingredients. 2 The intended effects of energy drinks are to provide sustenance and improve performance, concentration and endurance. Manufacturers pitch their product to athletes, students and people in professions that require sustained alertness. These drinks are also commonly consumed at dance parties, which require sustained energy for prolonged activity into late hours. In this setting, they may also be combined with alcohol and recreational drugs such as ecstasy (MDMA; 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) or other amphetamines. Young adults and adolescents are particularly attracted to energy drinks because of effective product marketing, peer influence and a lack of knowledge of the potential harmful effects. 3-5 The high sugar content in caffeinated energy drinks is similar to other soft drinks and is known to contribute to obesity. 6Adverse reactions and toxicity from high-energy drinks stem primarily from their caffeine content. 7 The sympathomimetic effects of high-dose caffeine mostly explain the symptoms and hospital presentations related to energy drinks. There is little published literature on the extent and epidemiology of this problem. Indeed, a recent literature review on the effects of energy drinks in children and adolescents found only eight case reports on medical complications from energy drinks. 8 Our study was undertaken to obtain an understanding of the scope of consumption-related issues and toxicity from caffeinated energy drinks in Australia by analysing data from calls to the NSW Poisons Information Centre (NSWPIC) — the largest centre of its type in Australia, taking about 110 000 calls per year, which is 50% of all poisoning-related calls in the country. Methods We undertook a retrospective review at the NSWPIC. Data included calls providing advice to the general public and health professionals. Calls from New South Wales, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory are exclusively handled by NSWPIC from 6 am to midnight; an after-hours call-sharing system is in place with interstate poisons centres. Ethics approval was obtained from the human research ethics committee of the Children’s Hospital at Westmead.

Time Banking in the UK

Time Banking in the UK What is Time Banking? Time Banking is a way to give and receive support to build strong communities and networks to the public. One last time helps earns about one hour for the Bank (also called time credits, the balance of the benefit, or $ time). Time banking is based on the magic of â€Å"Pay It Forward, in return, is a good idea leading to another and another. Time banking is formed when individuals or organizations agree to earn and spend hours to meet friends, neighbours and the needs of the larger community. Time banks ranging from small 15-20 members and 2000 or greater; Time banks can get in touch with some also. Each time bank is a unique reflection of its members, who are, for the dreams they have for their community, and what they chose to make and receive       How to earn time credits by doing something for you; No matter what that something. In return you earn a time credit in Time bank community. For example, if someone is working for one hour in his garden is similar to one hour of babysitting is similar to one hour of dentistry is similar spending time at home repair is similar to an hour of teaching to play chess. The possibilities are countless for Time banking. (TimeBanks, 2015): http://timebanks.org/what-is-timebanking/ History of Time Banking The creation of Time Banking is back to the creation of hours TimeBank â„ ¢ in 1980, the idea came to Dr. Edgar S. Cahn; co-founder of the National Program of Legal Services, author of our brothers keeper, and founder of the school Antioch right, He suffered a massive heart attack at age of 46; He was in hospital and sickness feel useless, he think about Time Bank hours as a unique and ultimately new currency to problem solution of enormous cuts in government expenditures on social welfare. If he does not have enough money to repair the old problems of our country and our society, Edgar thinks, the new way of making money to pay people the work they have done for themselves and societies? A Time Bank hour is all about the value of contributions everyone on the equal basis. Edgar developed his academic definition of why money should work in another way. He returned to the US and started to put service credits (not yet called TimeBank hours) service. . In early years since the currency has come a bouncing ride. After the initial enthusiasm by foundations, funds for trade TimeBank time dried up mid-1990s in the era of problems to keep afloat follow. This clash turned out into a time to dig and determine what made the hours of TimeBank Time Banking and unique tools for social change. In 1997, a convention TimeBank hours helped new groups and survivors identify what works. TimeBank Hours have become the backbone of a cross age tutoring program peer success in Chicago, a Maine Time Banks Network, and an hour TimeBank Youth Court in Washington, DC Time Banks USA became the center a small exchange network of independent TimeBank across the country. The deep understanding that has evolved following years towards to unique ways of adopting and talks for hours about TimeBanking as a tool for social change. It is the most important change involved in development of theory of Co -Production described in the book of Edgar, No More Throw Away People. UK History The idea of time banking was developed at the London School of Economics; by Washington law professor Edgar Cahn in 1986, which describes the idea that working as blood bank or babysitting club help a neighbor and then when you need it a neighbor most likely another will help the system based on equality one hour of help means a dollar of time, if the task is groceries or make a statement the tax credits kept in individual accounts in a bank on a personal safety. Credits and debits are counted regularly. Some banks offer monthly balance statements recording the flow of strong relation with banks. Time credits are simply the recognition of the time and efforts put in place. They are not supposed to be reward enough, and experience in the US shows that most are never spent; but they seem to be the kind of recognition that prevents people volunteering much longer than in conventional voluntary schemes. This simplest idea uses a broker at the end of the phone, and allows people to get credit for each hour of time they help in their local community The result is a equal level economy, using time as a medium of exchange, to put those assets to work forgotten meet forgotten needs, and in so doing make connections between people and rebuild a sense of trust (New economics 2015) http://www.neweconomics.org/publications/entry/time-banks Current Situation in UK: Weather in London banking is developing briskly and would not be as successful as it is without the great relationship between time banks. London network meets on regular basis to boost the interest of brokers and others meets to share their experiences and to help each other. We all are very lucky that we would be able to do this; our charitable donors Bridge City is the one whom we have to thank for providing us the opportunities and resources to do so. (New Year Update from London article 2015): http://www.timebanking.org/tag/london-2/ Challenges in UK: Challenge met Time banking in Wales in Cardiff and they show their passion in working together. They have a yacht race around the world 72 feet; they rent it with the discrimination of elderly and young people from 12 to 25 years are rented to increase personal and social skills, such as teamwork, communication, respect for others, responsibility in a positive way can making environment. Up to 12 people can participate in this experience together, which usually consists of 10 young people and two leaders of the group. Wales Challenge six crew on board will show you the ropes and give you the opportunity to sail the boat at all. (Time Banking UK Newsflashes April 2015): http://www.timebanking.org/category/tbuk-newsflashes/ How we implement Time banking In UK Timebanking UK will establish and appliance a source, free to use the platform to significantly reduce the barriers to entry for the creation, union or local TimeBanks management. Traditionally, the implementation of TimeBanking has been resource intensive, based on a time banking broker match supply and demand in community. UK Timebanking automates this process, reducing costs and barriers for organizations and individuals to establish and maintain a bank of time. Timebanking UK are built on proven open source software timebanking Weaver Community developed by TimeBanks US. This software will also open public; private along with community resources and make it easier to add projects timebanking scale. More importantly, promote the rapid scale by sharing time and skills; helping people to connect with one other to build sustainable communities. UK Timebanking is the national umbrella; TimeBanks linking and support across the UK, providing inspiration, guidance and practical help charity. It has more than 220 times from member banks and represents more than 20,000 timebankers throughout the UK, generating more than 1 million hours of support per year UK Timebanking would announce the following time banks that have been awarded by their Quality Mark in appreciation of best practice for: Implementation of operational use of our recommended safeguarding procedures Actively using all 3 models of timebanking Taking part in training and development activities for members and brokers Good governance practices Using coproduction for meaningfully involve members in running and development of time bank Having a long term sustainability plan Good monitoring and evaluation practices Having a comprehensive set of policies and procedures (Nesta.orh.uk 26MAY 2015, Time banking official website 26MAY 2015):  Nesta.orh.uk 26MAY 2015, Time banking official website 26MAY 2015:http://giving.nesta.org.uk/project/timebanking-uk/ http://www.timebanking.org/page/10/?sm-category#sthash.igcZgd18.dpuf How do we encourage participation? Two years ago Cheryl Hughes was a mother and housewife in Cardiff South Wales; She lacked confidence and was not sure I could achieve family life outside. She also wanted to buy goodies for your loved ones at times, but struggled financially. When he encountered Credits Timeplace time volunteering scheme, Hughes and his family were involved in the cleanup of the area and helped in community events in return for time credits that could be redeemed for holiday trips to the theater and other rewards. Hughess confidence grew and started his own local project, community mothers holding coffee mornings where people can take advantage of time to attend credits, access to a library of books and toys and more. Time credits eyes opened more than take care of my children, who of course I love to do, says Hughes. I never thought that will I be able to do anything for my dyslexia .To think this all started with garbage picking. From improving mental health to provide a door at work, now accepted wisdom that volunteering can bring many benefits to volunteers and people who are helping. But the rewarding volunteer with anything that has a tangible economic value is direct exchange has regular been controversial. Many people believe that volunteering should only be done altruistically without direct reward. Many were unhappy last year the time it was implied that volunteers receive a discount of municipal taxes. However, the rewards and exchanges are increasingly common and community groups and charities who run them feel they are useful, especially for those who are financially less well off. The currency system -Credits time taken by Cheryl Hughes is in charge of social spice company. The company has a network of local businesses and services involved in each area working in and try to unite communities through its system Time banking, the best known form for volunteers to gain something in return of their time, it has traditionally had a focus on sharing skills a person may be charged on credit obtained from an hour of volunteer work for an hour taught how to play guitar, for example. Weather banker Ian Toplis, Gloucester, said it would be unlikely to volunteer and non-profit and incentives. I really hate gardening and the main reason is that I can do something for someone and I have done my garden is a great incentive, says Toplis. I helped many of the elderly residents during digital conversion. I am out of the opinion that there are many people out there for example like me who have something to offer, but need an external drive and an extra incentive.Similar systems around the UK include your courage, Smartran Weather Miles rewards, and the Bank of attention. Community volunteer projects and have their way of either rewarding volunteers or exchange something with them. The draft community red brick building in Glastonbury all residents get cheap and event space desk but it offers their time to support local vulnerable people as part of the agreement. Voluntary schemes can see in action all over the world, too. Reward Volunteers 5.0 in the US and GEM project in South Africa both use mobile applications for volunteers to sign and hours of trade. In Japan, volunteers can deposit hours in order to cash in later life, when they could be less mobile and need help. A two-year evaluation by Spice launched last December found out that 45% of volunteers using time credits had never offered before. It does attract new volunteers and we need massive volunteer if we are to create local services, says Becky Booth, chief executive of social enterprise. The impact of spending is fantastic, he adds. For example, when we hear from people like the man who won credit for a rugby match and for the very first time in a very long time, stood up, shaved and left his shelter homeless during the day, is very encouraging. These they are the kind of results we are seeking. Time Banking UK chief executive Sarah Bird believes that such systems are the future of communities and looked at favorably by the commissioners. Were getting a lot of interest from local authorities they are interested to talk on time banks. Some have even become centers of volunteer time banking; we have a strong feelings that this is an excellent way to co-produce community services for the future she says. (The Guardian 26MAY 2015):http://www.theguardian.com/voluntary-sector-network/community-action-blog/2015/mar/30/time-banking-encouraging-new-volunteers How do we evaluate effectiveness? Time banking UK to explain how they work: Participants deposit of his time on the bench giving practical help and supports each other and are able to withdraw their time when they need something done by themselves as banks and Time. The value of all the different types of assistance and skills people can offer each other on a bench in time, every individual becomes at same time giver and a receiver time everyone is valued equally. An hour = 1 time credit. Evaluation of time banks has discovered they offer a number of benefits. The time bank assessment based on green Rushey GP surgery found that seemed to have benefits for the physical and psychological health of participants, although they were aware that it was difficult to link the banks participation time directly to their benefits. Time banks look like to be more impressive than the traditional routes of volunteering in attracting socially excluded sectors of population and work well as an instrument for social inclusion. An evaluation of a number of banks Seyfang time (2003) concluded, By promoting mutual volunteer build trust; social capital, reciprocity and community self-help among people who normally would be passive recipients of external assistance (2003, p 0.703) The latest research into the economic benefits of time banksdemonstrates that â€Å"Time banks, they use hours of time instead of pounds as a community currency, cost  £450 for each member every year, it can provide savings of more than  £1300 per member in the same period. Participants add their own skills, practical help or their personal assets in return for services provided by fellow time bank members.† Governance international 27 May 2015:http://www.govint.org/our-services/engagement/co-production-tree/timebanking-co-production-tree/

Ogden Nash :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ogden Nash is one of America’s most popular humorists of the twentieth century and one of America’s most quoted poets also. He has coined some of the most popular quotes such as Mr. Felten’s favorite quote, â€Å"Candy is dandy, but liquor is quicker.† Nash combines satire, sharp wit, and unorthodox rhymes and has admitted to breaking every grammar law in the English language while making his poems and is well known for it also.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ogden Nash was born in Rye, New York in 1902 to parents of southern decent. His family was already well known all over that area because his great-great grandfather was the Governor of North Carolina during the American Revolution. Nashville, Tennessee was named for another of Nash’s ancestors. Nash grew up on the East Coast of the United States to maintain his father’s import-export business. He attended St. George’s School in Newport, Rhode Island from 1917-1920, upon graduation he attended Harvard University for one year. He then taught one year at his alma mater of St. George’s but left after one year. He then worked as a bond salesman in New York City and quickly found out that he was not suited for any kind of financial jobs. In 1925 he began working for Doubleday, Doran, as an advertising copywriter. In 1931 he married Frances Rider Leonard and soon after published his first book, Hard Lines, which was his first book of humorous verses, it became an instant success, selling out seven printings. He then realized that he was making more money writing poetry than he was working his job as a copy write editor.

Should the Internet be Censored? Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ximenes 1 Should the Internet Be Censored? â€Å"No bones about it, the Internet needs to be censored†. At least according to Gerry Morgan, president of an Internet contents provider and a parent, he among other non-denominational Christian parents claims that they have found â€Å"the only realistic answer to the Internet porn-crisis†. They’ve created a program where all Web sites are pre-screened, avoiding any material that can be harmful to kids (Watson). They say that the Internet has to be censored because it has material, especially pornography, which can and will be offensive to others. But not everybody agrees with that. The censorship of the Internet is still a very controversial issue, and people all over the world debate whether or not this is a case against free speech. While Morgan states that by censoring the Internet we’ll be protecting ourselves and our children, Mr. Jeffrey Pollock, a Republican from Oregon who used to think the same, recently changed his mind when he found out that his own site had been blocked by an Internet filter. After the incident, Mr. Pollock expressed that â€Å"To mandate the federal government to legislate morality, I find abhorrent†(Schwartz). The disagreement on this issue continues and every person has a different opinion on what would be a satisfying solution to it. Even though I agree that it is not any parent’s desire for his/her children to have access to pornography or other potentially offensive material on the Internet, it is not worth jeopardizing our right to free speech in the name of morality. The truth is we cannot protect our children from all the violence or pornography available in today’s world just as our parents could not protect us. Ximenes 2 The interest and curiosity that children and adolescents have on what we, as a society, may rule as immoral did not begin with the Internet. Similarly, the government’s attempts in determining the public’s thoughts also began before the Internet. In fact, governments around the world had been trying to control the people’s minds for a long time and some of them are still trying to do so by filtering information. There is a report from the comprehensive survey of print and electronic news media that shows that nearly two-thirds of countries restrict press freedom, that would be... ...e effective than regulatory control†. Ximenes 4 There are also ways in which government or other agencies may provide Internet control without censorship. For example, it may be necessary to implement laws which require of all Internet servers that provide pornography to have their sites’ names clearly stating the content of the material about to be seen. This would at least prevent children from accessing such sites accidentally. By doing that the government would be helping the parents who don't want their kids to see that kind of material, but would not be interfering on the right to free speech that the Constitution assure us to have. In summary, censoring the Internet falls into the controversial category of censoring free speech. Therefore, it is a violation of the Constitution to apply censorship to such a commonly used source of information. Instead of banning material from the Internet we should make sure that we have clearly stated information. Perhaps government intervention may be necessary to assure that Internet servers comply with regulations. However, parental guidance and control still remain the most reliable ways of protection against misuse of the cyberspace.

My New Dog Neechi :: Essays Papers

My New Dog Neechi The time I got my first new dog, Neechie, from the Clarion Humane Society was real joy. I remember making the phone call to the Humane Society in Clarion, Pennsylvania, on July 5, 1994. I had just asked the volunteer worker who answered the phone, â€Å"Do you have a little dog there that needs a loving and caring home?† She said that they had just received a little puppy a few days before. My heart leaped in my chest. I was so excited that I wanted to get there as fast as I could. My friend and I drove off in my car to the Humane Society so fast that I did not notice anyone or anything from my house to our destination. It was like we were traveling at the speed of light. We were at my house; then instantly we were there! As I pulled into the parking lot, I saw the large cement building. It looked so cold and expressionless, and I barely noticed the small, old, ragged sign that hung between two poles about four feet off the ground. â€Å"Definitely not hip on the advertising, † I thought to myself. Then all sorts of thoughts came over me like a rushing river. I was so excited and so happy. I felt heroic because I was going to save a little dog, from â€Å"The Pound,† as some people would say. I don’t like that term, but I soon understood it after I entered the building. The first thing I remember was the smell. It was like a still stagnant pond, almost lifeless and algae ridden as if it could not breathe and needed a refreshing rainfall to bring life back into it again. The sounds I heard were of rattling metal and clanging noises from the dogs and cats pawing at their cages and tipping over their dishes with excitement and hopes of a new and loving home where they would feel safe and loved. Oh, how my heart ached as I looked around at wall-to-wall cages filled with wagging tails and exultant eyes. After the initial shock of it all, my thoughts went back to my little puppy. The volunteer greeted me happily and led me to a little room where the small dogs were kept. There she was I saw her right away! She sat so still and patient, her little black nose almost touching the cage bars.

The Temple of Heaven

Autqem Neter Sh. Nu Au Mu Samga History May 20, 2012 The Temple of Heaven The Temple of Heaven is located in the southern area of Beijing. Occupying an area of 273 hectares, it is three times the area of the Forbidden City. It was built in 1420 A. D. , for emperors to worship Heaven. The main buildings include the Altar or Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, Imperial Vault of Heaven and Circular Mound Altar. In 1998, the Temple of Heaven was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List. Beginning in 2005, the Temple of Heaven underwent a 47 million Yuan (6 million USD) renovation that was completed on May 1st, 2006.The Altar or Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, 38 meters tall and 30 meters in diameter, stands on a round foundation built with three tiers of marble stone. This large hall is under a three-story, cone-shaped glaze-tile roof in blue color crowned with a gilded knob. A circular wall of polished bricks known as the Echo Wall encloses the Imperial Vault of Heaven. The Circular Mount Altar, south to the Imperial Vault of Heaven, is where the emperor prayed to heaven. At the center lies a round stone called the Center of Heaven Stone that echoes when a visitor speaks loudly when standing on the stone.The Temple of Heaven is enclosed with a long wall. The northern part within the wall is semicircular symbolizing the heavens and the southern part is square symbolizing the earth. The northern part is higher than the southern part. This design shows that the heaven is high and the earth is low and the design reflected an ancient Chinese thought of ‘The heaven is round and the earth is square. The Temple is divided by two enclosed walls into inner part and outer part. The main buildings of the Temple lie at the south and north ends of the middle axis line of the inner part.The most magnificent buildings are The Circular Mound Altar (Yuanqiutan), Imperial Vault of Heaven (Huangqiongyu) and Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest (Qiniandian) from south to north. Also, t here are some additional buildings like Three Echo Stones and Echo Wall. Almost all of the buildings are connected by a wide bridge called Vermilion Steps Bridge (Danbiqiao) or called Sacred Way. The Circular Altar has three terraces layered with white marble. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368 A. D. – 1911 A. D. ), the emperors would offer sacrifice to Heaven on the day of the Winter Solstice every year.This ceremony was to thank Heaven and hope everything would be good in the future. The picture below is of The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, a big palace with a round roof in three layers. Inside the Hall are 28 huge posts. Four posts along the inner circle represent four seasons-spring, summer, autumn and winter, 12 posts along the middle circle represent the 12 months; and 12 posts along the outer circle represent 12 Shichen (Shichen is a means of counting time in ancient China). The roof is covered with black, yellow and green colored glaze representing the heaven s, the earth and everything on earth.The Hall has a base named Altar for Grain Prayers which is made of three layers of white marble and has a height of six meters. The numbers 3 and 9, in particular, recur in the layout and design; these are important or ‘lucky' numbers in Chinese numerology. The number 9, being the highest value digit is associated with the emperor. Its square root, 3, has a natural occurrence in terms of beginning, middle and end. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests was constructed relying only on carpentry, with no nails employed. This building was commissioned by Qing dynasty emperor Qian Long (reign: 1736-1795) in 1775.

Enterprise Rent-a-Car Essay

Question 1 With the support of relevant examples from the given case: a) Define personnel management and human resource management, and discuss TWO major differences between the two concepts. (6 marks) b) Analyze TWO potential external business environment challenges faced by Enterprise Rent-a-Car and their implications on the Company. (10 marks) c) Based on the challenges analyzed in Question 1b), above, suggest effective human resource planning process and methods, that can be used by Enterprise Rent-a-Car in determining the manpower needs for it’s international business expansion. Justify your answer with specific examples. (10 marks) Introduction This question will focus on defining and differentiating Personnel Management from HRM, it will also examine some technological and social challenges, as potential external business environment challenges faced by the company, and will discus an effective HR Planning process and method to address those challenges. a) Definitions and Differences Personnel Management: Is the administrative discipline which mainly works around Industrial/ Employee/ Labour Relations and activities connected with grievance handling,  negotiations, enforcement of labour statute, looking after welfare of employees and so on. Human Resource Management: The process of hiring and developing employees so that they become more valuable to the organization and more integrated towards the goals and strategy of the company. One difference between PM and HRM is that in PM, the power distribution is centralized where the top management has full authority in decision-making. Personnel managers are not allowed to take part in any decision which involves employees, or give ideas. HRM, looks for the decentralization of power, where the power between the top, middle and lower management groups is shared. This can be noticed in the Enterprise Career Path graphic in page 4, case study. Mayor responsibilities are shared between General Manager, Group Rental Manager, Area Manager and Branch Manager. Another difference between PM and HRM is that, pay policies in PM is merely based on skills and knowledge required for the perspective jobs only. The value is based on the ability to perform the task and duties required. In HRM, organizations look beyond pay for functional duties. The pay is designed to encourage continuous improvement and job performance. Enterprise applies this concept when they encourage their employees to â€Å"develop a career† instead of â€Å"just perform a task†, by providing training and mentoring to those employees, and, providing opportunities for professional growth by making promotions and transfers available, other than that just the payment. b) External Business Environment Challenges Technological challenge: the rented vehicles tracking system combines the use of automatic vehicle location in each individual vehicle, with software that collects these fleet data for a comprehensive picture of vehicle locations, very helpful for real time updates and for client monitoring in case of  accidents. Nowadays, GPS is commonly used as a vehicle tracking system. This system needs to be monitored and maintained by qualified persons to ensure they work at their best. If these systems do not work properly , services won’t be delivered as they should and customer dissatisfaction will occur. This will result in losses, bad publicity and even a fatality in the event of an accident. Social challenge: the diversity of the labour force might encounter some cultural differences that might need to be addressed to avoid confrontation and to provide a calm, respectful and tolerant work environment. People integration is very important because otherwise the work environment will be tense, co-worker relationships and productivity might be affected. c) HR Planning and Process For the Technological challenge described in item b), above, the Human Resource Planning and Methods suggested would be based in external human resource suppliers. Enterprise has an organizational need to add a department which primary task would be to manage all the communications between the vehicles‘ tracking systems and have all the data updated real time for customer enquiries and monitoring. Enterprise also needs someone to maintain all the systems and software. To be able to achieve all this a lot infrastructure and investment is required, so the solution is to externally recruit a company that provides this services, after evaluating few candidates. For the Social challenge described in item b), above, the Human Resource Planning and Methods suggested would be based in internal human resource supply. The personalities of the staff will be evaluated, the most charismatic one will be appointed as the leader of the Enterprise Social Club, NZ Branch. This Club will be self managed by the staff, promoting interaction, understanding and tolerance between the employees. A local venue will be selected for gatherings, parties and any social event that involves the company. Conclusion The purpose of the question was to determine why and how important HRM is, when dealing with the quantity and quality of the people of a company, and, when trying to fit the objectives, strategies and challenges to a number of employees. SECTION 2: Job analysis and Job design. (24 marks) Question 2 Select ONE of the positions stated in the Enterprise Career Path (on page 4) and suggest the job analysis process and methods you will use to design the position description, person specification and competency profile for this position. (12 marks) Justify your answer with: †¢ A brief explanation of job analysis and TWO of its purposes, †¢ relevant methods/techniques, †¢ specific types of data to be collected for this position, and †¢ relevant examples. Introduction. This question will focus on defining and explaining the purposes of Job Analysis, it will also examine the method, technique and data used to create the Position Description, Person Specification and Competency Profile for an Assistant Manager‘s job. Definition and Purposes of Job Analysis. In a job analysis we study the tasks and skills that make up an employee’s role, the conditions under which those tasks are performed, and the required contacts with others. It is used for writing position descriptions because it’ll summarize the role of a job in the organization, and, in recruitment and selection because it’ll highlight the characteristics a candidate needs to have to fulfill the post. Method and Technique. A relevant method that was used was competency based profiling,by integrating other methods such as observation, and company documentation, to collect the  data from the case study. This methods will determine the skills, knowledge and behaviors that will ensure a successful work performance from the employee. In this case , for an Assistant manager, some of  the competencies that Enterprise look for are: to be able to adapt to suit the audience, to work cooperatively, get things done creatively, amongst others. Types of Data collected for this position. For this position the following data was identified: Position: Assistant Manager Duties: provide great customer experience, market the business, sell the service, deal with business partners such as insurance companies, dealerships and auto body shops. Work environment: branch office. Relationships: – internal: supervises management assistant and reports to branch manager. – external: business partners and customers. Qualifications and experience: studying first or second year uni + initial classroom based session and on the job training as Management Assistant. Skills: customer service focus, persuasiveness, flexibility, results driven, leadership ability, communication. Example of Job Description, Person Specification and Competency Profile. These elements were integrated in a draft for advertising the position. Assistant Manager for new branch office in NZ. Full time position available for an experienced Assistant Manager at Enterprise-Rent-A-Car, with exceptional selling and communication abilities. The job will require the person to: provide great customer experience, market the business, sell the service, deal with business partners such as insurance companies, dealerships and auto body shops. Previous qualifications or equivalent experience requirements: studying first or second year uni + initial classroom based session and on the job training as Management Assistant. As an Assistant Manager,you will be reporting directly to the Branch Manager and you will be expected to see issues and needs from a customer perspective, to adapt to suit the audience, to be creative about getting things done, to start growing the leaders and managers of the future by supervising the Management Assistant, and to support the professional Enterprise reputation. If you posses skills such as being customer service focused, persuasive, results driven, leadership abilities and communication, we invite you to apply filling the Application Form. Conclusion. This question has explained the central importance of developing an accurate Job Analysis. Demonstrating how all the data gathered from this analysis is used to create a clear and effective Job Description which includes Position Description, Person Specification and Competency Profile. Question 3 Suggest, with justification, FOUR best job designs to be used for the position discussed in Question 2, above, so that it can contribute to the organization effectiveness and the needs of individual workers at Enterprise Rent-a-Car. (12 marks) Include in your answer: †¢ a brief explanation of job design and TWO of its purposes, †¢ FOUR best job designs for use in the given situation, and †¢ relevant examples. Introduction. This question will focus on defining and explaining the purposes of Job Design, it will also examine the best job designs for the proposed Assistant Manager‘s job. Definition and Purposes of Job Design. Job design are all the tasks and activities associated with a particular role. One purpose of job design is to increase employee motivation and productivity. It also helps in designing, redesigning, evaluating and also cutting back responsibilities from a job, adding extra responsibilities to another particular job, trying to match the person’s capabilities with the role. Best Job Designs for the position of Assistant Manager. Job enlargement: this could be used to increase the job scope of the Management assistant to cover the duties of the Assistant manager. Job enrichment: this could be used to increase the job depth of the Management assistant by upgrading the job task mix, increasing motivation and giving the the employee the potential of growth within the company. Workplace flexibility program: this will offer flexible hours of work where the employe could start early and finish early, or having to cover a minimum of weekly hours in the time that is more convenient to the employee, this is attractive for students and parents as they can manage their time more freely. Job sharing: this method could be used to integrate the New Assistant Manager with the organizational culture of the company while temporary sharing the responsibilities with a more experienced Assistant Manager from another branch. Conclusion This question has explained how a Job Design for a particular role can accommodate different types of candidates, starting from people who would like their duties increased, passing through people who would like their job tasks mix upgraded and a more flexible time schedule, to people who could share responsibilities for mutual learning. SECTION 3: Recruitment & Selection. (30 marks) Question 4 If Enterprise Rent-a-Car plans to open a new branch in one of the cities in New Zealand, what would be the BEST recruitment strategy for this new branch to attract qualified candidates for the position you discussed in Question 2, above? (15 marks) Justify your answer with: †¢ the purpose of your proposed recruitment strategy for the selected position at this new branch, †¢ THREE best recruitment methods you would use, †¢ ONE benefit and ONE constraint for each of these recruitment methods, †¢ TWO New Zealand legislative requirements that would affect your recruitment strategy, and †¢ relevant examples. Introduction. This question will focus on describing the Recruitment strategy and method that’ll be used to attract candidates to the Assistant Manager position. Purpose of the Recruitment Strategy. The recruitment strategies that I proposed have the purpose to provide a pool of candidates from where the most suitable candidates will be picked. Recruitment Methods, their Benefits and Constraints. The first recruiting method would be an internal one: a transfer, I would  advertise an application form to transfer an experienced Assistant manager from one of the existing branches. This ensures that the person taking this position has the required experience and knowledge for the role, and that he/she is already familiar with the company’s methods. However this will leave a vacancy in the other branch. The second one is an internal one as well, promotion. I would advertise an application form to promote a Management Assistant from another branch to the position of Assistant Manager. This method can increase motivation within the staff because they see career growth opportunities. However, this can create a high competitive environment where friction between staff members can occur. The third recruiting method that I would use would be an external one, I would advertise the job position to local independent contractors. This might bring a candidate that brings new and fresh ideas to the company and it’s familiar with the new area of the branch in NZ. This method allows to hire people that are specialized in certain areas of expertise. However, this can be expensive. New Zealand legislative requirements that would affect Recruitment Strategies Privacy Act 1993, which establish the rules for dealing with the personal information collected from an employee. Human Right Act, which is designed to ensure that selection of future employees and the promotion of existing ones occur without any discrimination against any particular sector of society. Conclusion For me, the best recruiting strategy in this case is a mixed strategy. Integrating internal and external methods to get the best pool of candidates possible, divided in two groups, one with the ones with the possibility of being transferred or promoted, and another one with the local independent contractors. Question 5 What is the BEST selection strategy you would use to fill in the selected position discussed in Question 4, above? (15 marks) Justify your answer with: †¢ the purpose of your proposed selection strategy for the selected position at this new branch, †¢ THREE best selection methods you would use, †¢ ONE benefit and ONE constraint for each of these selection methods, †¢ TWO New Zealand legislative requirements that would affect your selection strategy, and †¢ relevant examples. Introduction. This question will focus on describing the Selection strategy and method that’ll be used to choose the most suitable candidate for the Assistant Manager position. Purpose of the Selection Strategy. The selection strategies that I proposed have the purpose to narrow the number of candidates for the position of Assistant manager . Selection Methods, Benefits and Constraints. The first selection method that I’d use would be Application Forms customized into two types of candidates, candidates that could apply for possible transfer or promotion on one side, and the ones that could apply as private contractors in the other. The second method that I’d use would be a Face-To-Face interview with the candidates selected for possible transfer or promotion, and the ones selected as private contractors. Then create a shortlist with the qualified candidates. The third selection method that I would use, and that also is a standard of the Enterprise recruitment process, would be an Assessment Day. The shortlisted candidates will take part in practical exercises, individual and group activities. New Zealand legislative requirements that would affect Selection Strategies Employment Relations Act 2000, which establish that either party must not mislead each other in their obligations to each other. (Obligations of good faith) Human Right Act, which is designed to ensure that selection of future employees and the promotion of existing ones occur without any discrimination against any particular sector of society. Conclusion The best Selection Strategy for this proposed position of Assistant Manager is one that integrates Application Forms,to gather the required data, Face-To-Face interviews, to asses first impressions, personality, basic social skills, and an Assessment Day, for group development and team work. SECTION 4: Training Process and Personal Learning and Development Plan. (30 marks) Question 6 One of the competencies outlined in the Skills and Competencies Framework on page 5, above, is customer service focus. Select one of the positions outlined in Enterprise Career Path ( on page 4, above) and discuss how you would use a training process model to prepare, organize, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of a Customer Service Training Program for the job holders of this position at the new branch in one of the cities of New Zealand. Support your answer with relevant concepts and examples. Invent details as appropriate. Introduction. This question will focus on describing The Training Process Model for a Customer Service Training Program for the position of Assistant Manager (AM). This Program will allow the AM to acquire new skills and knowledge via multimedia material, online assessment and on the job observations. The Training Process Model for a Customer Service Training Program for the position of Assistant Manager (AM). The Training Process Model that I would use involves the following given steps: Step 1: Customer Service Training Program Preparation. In this phase the Customer Service contents related to the duties of the AM position, such as: being able to provide great customer experience, market the business, sell the service, deal with business partners such as insurance companies, dealerships and auto body shops, are identified,the multimedia content is developed. Step 2: Customer Service Training Program Organization. In this phase the content is arranged in learning units and the decision to make the program a Online Web-based Multimedia Training Program is taken. Topics such as: â€Å"Understanding the customer†, â€Å"Customer satisfaction and customer delight†, â€Å"Benefits of Good Customer Service†, â€Å"Internal and External Customers†, etc, will be available 24/7 online. The AM will be able to log in and follow the training at his/hers own pace. Step 3: Customer Service Training Program Implementation. In this phase the Program material is unlocked so the AM can access it via his/hers log in details. The units and lessons are delivered in a variety of formats, video streaming, written essays and case studies. The material will be available 24/7 and this implementation method allows the management to track the participant’s progress. Step 4: Customer Service Training Program Evaluation. In this phase the Participant, in this case the AM, will have to answer scheduled online quizzes, summit written essays, and he/she will be monitored for positive changes in behavior when engaging customers which demonstrates the degree of the Online Web-based Multimedia Training Program effectivity. Question 7 Assume you are in the position discussed in Question 6 , above, develop a Personal Learning and Development Plan (PLDP) that would meet your individual organizational needs of the new branch. Include in your PLDP the following elements: a) The General Competency Questionnaire you have completed ( see page 69 in your Course book ) (3 marks) b) Based on your answer in Question 7a), above, complete the Personal Learning and Development Plan for the position you selected for the discussion. This PLDP will include the following elements: †¢ Learning needs analysis †¢ Learning methods †¢ Learning outcomes †¢ Evaluation of learning outcomes Introduction. This question will focus on illustrating the PLDP based on my General Competency Questionnaire results. This results showed some competencies which need improvement in order to better match the requirements for the role of AM. The following table summarizes the PLDP elements and their relationships, for example, the learning need of â€Å"speaking and presenting to groups† was identified. The learning outcome of this need is â€Å"to deliver important conversations in a confident and articulated way†, the learning methods chosen to improve this area are: â€Å"Videos and Verbal Communication Coaching, body  language.† The ways these learning methods will be analyzed are by Off the job short lectures and presentations. PLDP for an Assistant Manager Learning Method Learning Outcomes Evaluation of Learning Outcomes Communication outwardly. Demonstrations about corporate communication behaviors. Support the professional Enterprise reputation. Superiors’ and stakeholders feedback. Speaking and presenting to groups. Videos and Coaching about public speeches, verbal communication and body language. To deliver important conversations in a conï ¬ dent and articulated way. Off the job – Short Lectures and Presentations. Managing stress & conï ¬â€šict. Role play simulating stressful situations, and demonstrations. To be able to cope with changing circumstances. Co-worker feedback On the job reactions to stressful situations. Developing positive relationships. Demonstrations and case studies about positive relations, positive environments. to be able to maintain and induce positive relationships inside the company. Co-worker feedback. Managing upwards and sideways. Programed demonstrations and group exercises. To be able to work cooperatively. Peers’ and Superiors’ feedback. Learning Need Conclusion From the graphic above I conclude that in order for me to be compatible and capable of taking the Assistant Manager job, I have to improve some important skills like persuasiveness, communication, leadership abilities, patience and a open mind